07KT92

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描述

07KT92

技巧1——用已知值填充ROM

软件开发人员往往都是非常乐观的一群人,只要让他们的代码忠实地长时间地运行就可以了,仅此而已。微控制器跳出应用程序空间并在非预想的代码空间中执行这种情况似乎是相当少有的。然而,这种情况发生的机会并不比缓存溢出或错误指针失去引用少。它确实会发生!发生这种情况后的系统行为将是不确定的,因为默认情况下内存空间都是0FF,或者由于内存区通常没有写过,其中的值可能只有上帝才知道。

不过有相当完备的linker或IDE技巧可以用来帮助识别这样的事件并从中恢复系统。技巧就是使用FILL命令对未用ROM填充已知的位模式。要填充未使用的内存,有很多不同的可能组合可以使用,但如果是想建立更加可靠的系统,最明显的选择是在这些位置放置ISR fault handler。如果系统出了某些差错,处理器开始执行程序空间以外的代码,就会触发ISR,并在决定校正行动之前提供储存处理器、寄存器和系统状态的机会。

技巧2——检查应用程序的CRC

对嵌入式工程师来说一个很大的好处是,我们的IDE和工具链可以自动产生应用程序或内存空间校验和(Checksum),从而根据这个校验和验证应用程序是否完好。有趣的是,在许多这些案例中,只有在将程序代码加载到设备时,才会用到校验和。

然而,如果CRC或校验和保持在内存中,那么验证应用程序在启动时(或甚至对长时间运行的系统定期验证)是否仍然完好是确保意外之事不会发生的极好途径。现在一个编程过的应用程序发生改变的概率是很小的,但考虑每年交付的数十亿个微控制器以及可能恶劣的工作环境,应用程序崩溃的机会并不是零。更有可能的是,系统中的一个缺陷可能导致某一扇区发生闪存写入或闪存擦除,从而破坏应用程序的完整性。

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主营DCS系统配件
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Enlarge
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专业销售进口DCS  PLC系统备件模块

PLC模块,可编程控制器,CPU模块,IO模块,AI模块,通讯模块。AB/施耐德/ABB/GE/本特利/西屋/英维斯/霍尼韦尔/黑马/FU克斯波罗

15天包退换 一年质保 大量现货  国内实力库存商家


选择深圳长欣,选择放心,售后无忧大量现货,当天顺丰发货!
主营:本特利,英维思,伍德沃德,福克斯波罗、西屋、瑞恩、施耐德莫迪康、ABB、AB、西门子、摩托罗拉、GE发那科、安川、博世力士乐,ACSO,力士乐等各大品牌的DCS系统配件,机器人系统配件,大型伺服系统备件。

先介绍几点经验。
1、先通读一遍“系统手册”(不管能不能看懂,先了解个大概,以便学习编程时查找);
2、由位控逻辑入手,逐渐增加定时、计数等条件,把或、与、非关系理顺;
3、进而练习整数运算、实数运算、类型转换;
4、量程转换、PID调节回路的建立及P、I、D参数的理解(最好是有个物理回路验证,比如变频器+电机+测速传感器);
5、循环、顺序、跳转等程序控制(尽量避免跳转,非跳不可时也是跳的越近越好);
6、中断、通讯、位置控制....

本人以ABB工业机器人配件DSQC系列和Motorola MVME系列,GE 卡件 模块 驱动器系列为主攻。各位电工朋友可根据自己的条件选择适合自己的PLC品牌,由于PLC的基本框架大同小异,学会一种至于其它的学习起来也就简单了。